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IMPORTANT DATES IN EUROPEAN HISTORY
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1338
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The Hundred Years’ War breaks out. It lasts tills
1453.
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1443
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The Black Death; plague breaks out in England.
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1453
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The capture of Constantinople (the home of classical
learning) by the Turks. They compel the Greek scholars to flee to
Italy and other West European countries where they spread the knowledge
of Greek philosophy and literature. This is the beginning of the
Renaissance in Europe.
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1486
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Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
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1492
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Columbus sails on his first expedition to the West
Indies which later leads to the discovery of America.
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1498
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Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese, discovers the sea
route to India via the Cape of Good Hope.
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1517
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The Beginning of the Reformation.
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1529 - 36
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The Reformation in England under Henry VIII.
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1564
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The Birth of Shakespeare.
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1577
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Drake, the famous English Admiral, starts his voyage
round the world for the first time and plunders Spanish ships and
ports in South America.
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1588
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Admiral Drake defeats the Spanish Armada. England
becomes the 'Mistress of the Seas.'
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1605
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The Gunpowder Plot in England to blow up the English
Parliament.
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1649
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The Trial and execution of Charles I.
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1649-60
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The Commonwealth and the Protectorate in England.
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1660
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The Restoration of Monarchy in England.
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1665
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The Great Plague of London.
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1688
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The Bloodless or Glorious Revolution in England.
The despotic rule of the Stuarts ends, and the Parliamentary rule
begins.
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Establishment of parliamentary supremacy and abolition
of the "Divine Rights of Kings."
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1704
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The Battle of Blenheim. Marlborough and Eugene
inflict a crushing defeat on the French army.
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1707
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Union of England and Scotland
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1763
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Treaty of Paris. It ends the Seven Years’ War (1756
- 63), weakens France, and makes England a great colonial power.
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1783
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The Treaty of Versailles. England recognizes the
independence of the United States of America.
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1789
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The French Revolution
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1805
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The Battle of Austerlitz: Napoleon routs a combined
army of Russia and Austria.
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1815
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The Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon is defeated and
exiled to St. Helena.
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Congress of Vienna that aimed at rearranging the
map of Europe.
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1821
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Death of Napoleon at St. Helena.
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1914
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Outbreak of World War I.
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1916
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The British Grand Fleet under Admiral Jellico defeats
the German Fleet under Admiral Scheer. under Admiral Scheer.
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1917
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The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. Russia becomes
a Republic. The Czar abdicates and is later assassinated. Lenin
comes to power.
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1918
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End of World War I (11th November).
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1919
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The Paris Conference and the Treaty of Versailles.
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1920
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The League of Nations founded.
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1924
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Lenin dies, and power passes into the hands of
Stalin in Russia.
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1933
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Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany.
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1935
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War between Italy and Ethiopia; Italy annexes Ethiopia.
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1939 - 45
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World War II
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1945
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Conferences are held at San Francisco
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U.N.O. is established.
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End of World War II.
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1947
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"Marshal Plan" for Europe.
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Agreement at the Hague establishes a custom union
between Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
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A military alliance treaty called the Treaty of
Dunkirk is signed.
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1948
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A treaty is concluded between the Benelux countries
i.e. Britain, France, etc. according to which the promotion of collective
defense and co-operation concerning economic, social and cultural
matters is agreed upon.
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1949
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The North Atlantic Treaty is signed in Washington.
The Council of European States is signed in Strasbourg.
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This provides political and cultural co-operation
and the creation of the consultative parliamentary assembly to discuss
European issues.
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1950
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Negotiations open in Paris among France, Belgium,
the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Luxembourg
(after the Second World War).
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1952
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The European Defense Community Treaty is signed
in Paris.
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1953
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The European Common Market is established. It trades
in coal, iron ore and scrap.
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1954
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Nine-Power conference in London on the re-armament.
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Britain signs an association Treaty with the European
Coal and Steel Community.
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1955
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West Germany joins N.A.T.O.
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1957
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Japan is admitted to U.N.O.
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The Treaty of Rome is signed by the six in settling
up the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic
Energy Community (Eurotom) [Belgium, France, The Federal Republic
of Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Luxembourg.]
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1959
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Nikita Khrushchev visits U.S.A.
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1960
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The Cold War intensifies.
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European Free Trade Association (EFTA) convention
meets in Stockholm.
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1947
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"Marshal Plan" for Europe.
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Agreement at the Hague establishes a custom union
between Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
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A military alliance treaty called the Treaty of
Dunkirk is signed.
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1948
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A treaty is concluded between the Benelux countries
i.e. Britain, France, etc. according to which the promotion of collective
defense and co-operation concerning economic, social and cultural
matters is agreed upon.
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1949
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The North Atlantic Treaty is signed in Washington.
The Council of European States is signed in Strasbourg.
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This provides political and cultural co-operation
and the creation of the consultative parliamentary assembly to discuss
European issues.
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1950
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Negotiations open in Paris among France, Belgium,
the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Luxembourg
(after the Second World War).
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1952
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The European Defense Community Treaty is signed
in Paris.
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1953
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The European Common Market is established. It trades
in coal, iron ore and scrap.
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1954
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Nine-Power conference in London on the re-armament.
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Britain signs an association Treaty with the European
Coal and Steel Community.
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1955
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West Germany joins N.A.T.O.
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1957
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Japan is admitted to U.N.O.
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The Treaty of Rome is signed by the six in settling
up the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic
Energy Community (Eurotom) [Belgium, France, The Federal Republic
of Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Luxembourg.]
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1959
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Nikita Khrushchev visits U.S.A.
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1960
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The Cold War intensifies.
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European Free Trade Association (EFTA) convention
meets in Stockholm.
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