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Also the greater the separation of two elements in the electronegativity scale, the stronger will be the bond between them.

Table 8 Electronegativity and type of Bond

Electronegativity

difference

Covalent

character

Ionic

character

Bond

type

0.0

0.4

0.8

1.0

100

97

88

82

0

3

12

18

Covalent

1.2

1.6

2.0

75

60

40

25

40

60

Polar

2.4

2.6

3.0

32

26

10

68

74

90

Ionic

Based on the above two tables of electro-negativity the bond character of a molecule can be predicted.


Example :

HF 4.0 - 2 . 2 = 1.8

      F        H

The difference in electronegativity is 1.8. Based on the above table it indicates that it will have 50% covalent and 50% ionic character. Hence the bond type is polar.

In case of CO2 it will be

3.5 - 2.5 = 1

O       C

Having electronegativity of 1 means it is a covalent bond.

[next page]

Index

4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Ionic Bonds
4.3 The Covalent Bonds
4.4 The Polar Bonds
4.5 Electronegativity
4.6 Others Bonds

Chapter 5





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