3. Difference between :

(a) Erythrocyte and leucocyte

(b) Blood and lymph.

4. Explain in what ways a closed circulatory system is more efficient than an open system. Give the various functions of the circulatory system.

5. Draw a well-labeled diagram of the dorsal and ventral views of human heart.

6. Describe the internal structure of the human heart with the help of well-labeled diagram.

7. Explain the mechanism of working of heart.

8. What is blood pressure ? How is the blood pressure measured ?

9. Describe the conduction system of the heart .

10. Draw a well labeled diagram of the following :

(a) Dorsal view of heart

(b) Ventral view of heart

(c) Conductivity system

(d) Internal structure of the heart

1. Name the 3 common nitrogenous wastes and their origin in animal metabolism. State the advantages and disadvantages and the animal groups commonly associated with each of these excretory end products.

2. Define the terms, "ultrafiltration", "respiration" and "secretion", and explain the process of urine formation.

3. List the four substances excreted by the human body.

4. Describe the structure of uriniferous tubules and explain the formation of urine.

5. State the difference between excretion and egestion.

6. Draw a diagram of the functioning unit of kidney and label it.

7. Draw the a transverse section of the following :

(a) Kidney

(b) Uriniferous tubule

8. Write notes on :

(a) Malphigian body

(b) Ultrafiltration

(c) Loop of Henle

(d) Ammoniotelism

(e) Ureotelism

(f) Aldosterone

1. Enumerate the functions of the skeleton.

2. Draw a labeled diagram of the vertebral column.

3. Draw a labeled diagram of the axial skeleton and write a note on its constituent parts.

4. Draw and label the various vertebral bones and write a note on each.

5. Write a note on the appendicular skeleton.

1. Describe by means of labeled diagrams the structure of movable joints in the human skeleton.

2. Describe the various types of articulations between bones and give specific movements and examples of each type.

3. Describe in brief the structure and function of the following :

(a) Hinge joint

(b) Ball-and-socket joint

(c) Pivot joint

(d) Fibrous joints.