Exhibit 4.1
The President’s Seal
4.2d Chief Executive
The President makes use of the vast mechanism of the executive branch, in accordance with the constitutional direction that he "take care that the laws be faithfully executed." Being responsible for all the programs in the executive branch, the President lays out the broad policy for the executive departments and agencies. As chief executive, the President can also issue orders to his department heads and subordinates on matters like civil service regulations and budgetary instruction.
4.2e The President as Legislator
Article II, Section 3 of the Constitution links the President
to the Congress for the planning of legislation. A powerful and
persuasive President can coerce enactment of additional legislation
by maintaining close contacts with the Congress through his White
House staff and by personal meetings with Congressional leaders.
The President is empowered to appeal directly to the people for
support in case of a divided government (with the White House
and Congress being under the control of different political parties).
The interests and policies of the President set the tone of legislation
for any given issue.
4.2f Moral leadership
The President commands attention since he exercises power that can mold the conditions of the lives of American citizens. Many people such as American Indians referred to the President as "the great white Father." Thus he is expected to set moral standards for the nation by propagating the values of honesty, integrity and religious faith. The media and public in present times have begun to focus on the private lives of public officials, making the President’s role as a moral leader even more significant.
4.2g The President as Party Leader
The President not only discharges his governmental responsibilities, he is also considered to be the leader of his political party. The party expects the President to support the party’s policies, raise funds for the party and help in campaigning for its candidates. In his turn, the President expects the party members to support him in the Congress on key votes. Discord is bound to arise between the President’s role as a national leader and a party leader.
In general, the President’s effectiveness depends on his popularity with the people, with the top politicians of his party and with members of the Congress. He integrates his powers as national leader, party leader as well as administrative leader, so as to keep legislators and politicians subject to his will.
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