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 Monalisa Exhibit 1.3 iv. Popularity of Vernacular Literature Latin was the language of scholars in the 'Middle Ages.' It was not easily intelligible to the masses. The common people required a simple medium for understanding higher knowledge. This resulted in the growth of a national vernacular literature all over Europe. A big boost was thus given to the popularization of vernacular literature. The modern theology of scholars was now made available to the common masses. 
Dante Machiavelli Exhibit 1.4 The Italians, Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio etc. were the great poets and writers of this age. They produced immortal works that continue to influence writers today. Italy was the first nation to produce great men of letters. In England it was Chaucer who worked hard to make 'standard English.' Martin Luther, in Germany, translated the Bible into German and drafted his own views in the German language. In France, Rabelais enriched the vernacular literature. v. Scientific Growth and Development Science took long strides in the new age, as people now accepted as true only that which seemed was logical. As they came in contact with Arabs, they learnt modern mathematics and chemistry. Newton formulated his theory of Gravitation. Scientists and the intelligentsia laid the foundation of natural and experimental science. Besides, traditional beliefs upheld by the Church about various natural phenomena were also shattered. The belief that the Earth is the Center of the Solar System was demolished. Copernicus scientifically proved that the Earth, instead of being the center, is a planet revolving round the Sun. Galileo popularized this theory of Kepler. |
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