BOOK SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS

BOOK 2

CHAPTER 11

Summary

Lily is out on day in late April on Fifth Avenue. She catches glimpses every once in a while of her former friends as they ride past in their carriages. She has been dismissed from Madame ReginaÂ’s shop. She has been so often sick that she is surprised it took Madame Regina so long to fire her. As she approaches her boarding house, she is surprised to see Simon Rosedale waiting for her on the stoop. Inside the parlor, he looks around in disgust at the poor furnishings. He tells her she canÂ’t go on living in such a place. She tells him that since she lost her job, she can only barely manage the bills. He offers to lend her the money to repay Trenor, but she refuses, saying that in accepting a loan from him she would be repeating her mistake with Trenor. Simon Rosedale hears all of LilyÂ’s objections with the eye of a collector who recognizes the fineness of the merchandise not only in the look of it but in its attitude.

That night, Lily doesnÂ’t take sleeping drops. She tries to look clearly at her situation knowing that if she only goes to Bertha Dorset, she would be able to marry Simon Rosedale. The next morning, she gets up late and goes out to a restaurant to have some tea. The room is filled with women and girls chatting animatedly and Lily feels especially lonely as she sits alone. When she finishes several cups of tea, she goes home and gets the packet of letters from her bureau and heads in the direction of Bertha DorsetÂ’s house. On her way, she happens to pass by the same street that she walked on with Lawrence Selden so long ago. She comes to his building and stands on the street opposite it. She notices his light is on and imagines his library with its calm and quiet. She goes into his building.

Notes

Simon RosedaleÂ’s shock at LilyÂ’s state reveals the typical mindset of men of his time. In the patriarchal world of the time, men not only assumed, but often enforced womenÂ’s dependency on them. Women were blocked from most forms of employment which gave men their sense of independence. They were forced to rely on men for food, shelter, and even protection. For these basic securities, they were expected to serve with charm and patience. The patriarchal arrangement worked for many people. When it failed and a woman was left outside the net of security, she was a social anomaly. A woman like Lily Bart, raised as she was to be a charming dependent of a rich man, but cast outside that circle, would surely call into question the adequacy of the patriarchal system to meet the needs of all the members of the society. A man like Simon Rosedale is blind to the cruel irony of his statement that the "idea of your having to work--itÂ’s preposterous."

In this brief chapter, Wharton paints with touching realism LilyÂ’s sorry state. As she sits in a tea house, she feels a "sudden pang of profound loneliness. She had lost the sense of time, and it seemed to her as though she had not spoken to anyone for days." In LilyÂ’s loneliness and her sense of dislocation, Wharton paints a desolate picture. Lily has never been comfortable being alone. She has no inner resources to find comfort in solitude. She has been trained to be attached to people and to value herself only in that attachment. She has also been raised on a routine round of social activities. Now that she is not only without work, but also without friends, she has lost a sense of time.

On the brink of complete destitution, Lily Bart faces the bare choices her life has been presenting her for the past year the life presented by Mr. Rosedale or that presented by Lawrence Selden. Just as she is on Mr. RosedaleÂ’s errand to blackmail Bertha Dorset with her love letters, she chances to pass by Lawrence SeldenÂ’ rooms and changes her path.

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